Migrane is demonstrated as a severe periodic, unilateral, pulsatile
headache associated with nausea, malaise, vomiting and photophobia.
Factors that often precipitate attack are environmental stimuli such
as emotional stress, strenuous physical exercise, too much sleep or
sleep deprivation, some food (chocolate, aged cheese, nuts), alcohol
(especially red wine), medical conditions and medication
(antihypertensive drugs, contraceptive drugs, nitroglycerin).
In
pathogenesis of migraine, vascular and biochemical changes play
important role. First phase is vasospasm accompanied with reduction
in blood flow causing ischemia and edema of intracranial vessels.
Second phase is vasodilatation (extracranial vessels) with hyperemia
(an increased amount of blood in a part or organ) and platelet
aggregation that impairs microcirculation leading to pain.
There
are reports of successful experimental use of hyperbaric oxygen
therapy in migraine due to following HBO effects:
• HBO
relieves pain by vasoconstriction of cerebral vessels
• HBO
reduces hypoxia and increases oxygenation of brain
• HBO
reduces swelling caused by inflammatory response in ischemic vessels
• HBO
improves microcirculation by decreasing platelet aggregation
References:
1. Di
Sabato F et al.: Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the immunoreactivity
to substance P in the nasal mucosal of cluster headache patients
Headache, 1996,36: 221-223
2. Di
Sabato F et al.: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in cluster headache, Pain
1993, 52; 243-245
3. Di
Sabato F et al.: Hyperbaric oxygen in chronic cluster headaches,
Undearsea & Hyperbaric Medicine 1997, 24: 117-122
4.
Fife WP et al.: Treatment of migraine with hyperbaric oxygen,
Journal of Hyperbaric Med 4: 7-15; 1989.
5.
Jain KK et al.: Hyperacute hyperbaric oxygen therapy for cerebral
ischemia, Undearsea & Hyperbaric Medical Society 1998
6.
Myers DE et al.: A preliminary report on hyperbaric oxygen in the
relief of migraine headache, Headache, ,35: 197-199, 1995.
7.
Pascual J et al.: Preventive effects of hyperbaric oxygen in cluster
headache, Headache, 1995,35: 260-261
8.
Robbins L et al.: Menstrual migraine with feature of cluster
headache, Headache, 1996,36: 166-167
9.
Thomsen LL et al.: Cerebral blood flow velocities are reduced during
attacks of unilateral migraine without aura, Cephalalgia, 1995, 15:
77-78
10.
Shalkevic VB et al.: Use of hyperbaric oxygenation in the therapy of
transiet cerebral circulatory disturbances in the vertebro-basilar
system, Abstracts of 7th international congress on HBO medicine.USSR
Academy of Sciences, Moskow pp 294-295
11.
Sukoff MH et al.: Hyperbaric oxygenation for the treatment of acute
cerebral edema, Neurosurg 10 (1): 29-38
12.
Weiss LD et al.: Treatment of cluster headaches in a hyperbaric
chamber, Headache, 1989 29: 109-110
13.
Wilson JR et al.: Hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of migraine
with aura, Headache: Feb 1998 , vol 38, 112-115.
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